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KMID : 0043320130360010102
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Archives of Pharmacal Research
2013 Volume.36 No. 1 p.102 ~ p.108
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Chemopreventive effects of Ginkgo biloba extract in estrogen-negative human breast cancer cells
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Park Yong-Joo
Kim Mi-Jie
Kim Ha-Ryong
Yi Min-Sun
Chung Kyu-Hyuck
Oh Seung-Min
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Abstract
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Excessive level of estrogen is considered as a main cause of breast cancer, therefore, many studies have focused on estrogen receptor (ER)-positive breast cancer, even though ER-negative cancer has a poor prognosis than ER-positive breast cancer. We evaluated the anti-cancer effects of Ginkgo biloba extract (GBE) in estrogen-independent breast cancer. GBE has been traditionally used as a platelet activating factor, a circulatory stimulant, a tonic, and anti-asthmatic drug, and anti-cancer agent. However, anti-cancer effects of GBE on ER-negative breast cancer have not been proved yet. In this study, we tested chemotherapeutic potential of GBE in the MDA-MB-231 (ER-negative) human breast cancer cell line. Our results showed that cytotoxicity effects of GBE in MDA-MB-231 lead to DNA fragmentation at high concentrations (500 and 1,000 μg/ml). Caspase-3 was significantly activated and mRNA levels of apoptosis-related genes (Bcl-2 and Bax) were altered. These results indicate that GBE induces apoptosis in MDA-MB-231 cells. It is presumed that GBE has chemopreventive effects in ER-independent breast cancer through anti-proliferation and apoptosis-inducing activities.
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KEYWORD
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Breast cancer, Ginkgo biloba extract, Apoptosis, MDA-MB-231 cells
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